Cervical radiculopathy, also known as a pinched nerve, occurs when a nerve in the neck is compressed or irritated wherever it branches away from the neural structure, causing pain to radiate into the shoulder as well as muscle weakness and numbness in the arm and hand. Cervical radiculopathy is commonly caused by wear and tear changes in the spine that occur as we age, such as inflammatory disease. It is most commonly caused in younger people by a sudden injury that results in a herniated disc. Cervical radiculopathy usually responds well to conservative treatment, which includes medication and physiatrics. Cervical radiculopathy is most commonly caused by chronic changes in the spine that occur as we age, or by an injury that causes a herniated, or bulging intervertebral disc. Changes caused by aging. The discs in the spine lose height and begin to bulge as they age. Additionally, they lose water content, begin to dry out, and stiffen. This disadvantage results in the area of disc space subsiding or collapsing and losing height. The vertebrae move closer together as the discs lose height. In response to the collapsed disc, the body strengthens it by forming additional bone, known as bone spurs, around it. These bone spurs contribute to spine stiffening. They will also pinch the nerve root and narrow the foramen—the small openings on all sides of the vertebral column where the nerve roots exit.
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